Which of the following poses a risk of psittacosis outbreaks?

Psittacosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci, primarily associated with birds, especially those in the parrot family, which includes parrots, macaws, and cockatiels. Individuals can contract psittacosis from handling infected birds or inhaling aerosolized droplets from their feces, feathers, or respiratory secretions. The risk of outbreaks particularly arises in settings where large numbers of these birds are kept, such as pet stores, bird shows, and breeding facilities.

In contrast, the other options do not have any association with psittacosis. Goldfish, hamsters, and dogs are not known to be carriers of the Chlamydia psittaci bacterium and do not pose a risk for psittacosis outbreaks. Understanding this helps clarify that while common pet animals can carry various diseases, psittacosis specifically relates to exposure to certain types of birds, highlighting the importance of proper care and handling practices for pet owners and those involved in avian care.